What happens to pasta during the process of boiling?

During the process of boiling, pasta undergoes several physical changes, with one of the most significant being that it expands and softens. When pasta is cooked in boiling water, the heat causes the starches within the pasta to gelatinize. This gelatinization process allows the pasta to absorb water, resulting in an increase in size and a texture change that makes it tender and palatable. The water enters the pasta, making it swell, while the heat helps break down the protein and starch, making it easier to chew.

This transformation is crucial for achieving the desired al dente texture, which is a key characteristic of properly cooked pasta. The process of boiling enhances the overall flavor and mouthfeel of the dish, making it more enjoyable when combined with sauces or other ingredients.